1 Monty: I'm going to get back to reconstructing those pot fragments from Mesopotamia.
2 Prof. Jones: Aren't we going to keep decoding Miss Thoroughgood's papyrus?
3 Monty: No need. She's got Dr Smith and Erwin working on it. I'm sure they'll do a good job. <grumble>
4 Prof. Jones: Yes. They sure did a job on you, Junior... {as Monty walks away}

Mesopotamia is a geographic region, defined by the Tigris and Euphrates river systems. In the modern world, it corresponds largely to Iraq and Kuwait, with small parts of Syria, Iran, and Turkey.

In the ancient world, Mesopotamia was the location of several civilisations, including the Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian empires. There was no one specific "Mesopotamian" civilisation - all of these were Mesopotamian.

Monty is probably being a bit too general with his description. I'm guessing archaeologists would tend to be a bit more precise as to the point of origin of artefacts. Blame it on his distracted state of mind.