1 Ishmael: I can't wait to get out there, riding the currents of space, the solar wind at our backs, at the helm of our trusty vessel.
2 Ishmael: Miles from shore, with only the stars to steer by, bravely facing the challenges of those unfathomed depths.
3 Loren: Space is not an ocean, Ishmael. That's a tired old metaphor with no relation to reality whatsoever.
4 Loren: Anyway. We need to prep the ship for hunting down that great white asteroid.
4 Ishmael: What's its name?
4 Loren: The Pequod.

Further reading here.

And here.

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2020-04-26 Rerun commentary: Ishmael's last line is asking what the ship's name is, not the asteroid's name. In case that wasn't entirely clear.

As of this writing, there is no asteroid named Pequod. There's a full list of named asteroids here - the closest is Pequignat.